By Jane Bauer

Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum recently announced plans to constitutionally safeguard non-genetically modified (non-GMO) white corn, highlighting its critical role in Mexico’s biodiversity, agriculture, and cultural heritage. The proposed amendment seeks to enshrine protections for native corn varieties, reflecting the nation’s commitment to preserving its agricultural legacy.

Sheinbaum’s announcement comes shortly after a trade dispute panel ruled that Mexico’s restrictions on U.S. genetically modified (GM) corn imports violated the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). Despite the ruling, Sheinbaum expressed confidence that Mexico’s Congress will legislate a ban on planting GM corn by early 2025. “With the help of Mexico’s Congress, we are going to reverse this resolution because very soon, in February, they are going to legislate, I am sure, that you can’t plant genetically modified corn,” she stated at a recent public event. She emphasized the need to protect Mexico’s biodiversity, declaring, “Without corn, there is no country.” Corn holds a special place in Mexican culture and cuisine, serving as the foundation of traditional foods like tortillas, tamales, and pozole. Revered since pre-Hispanic times, it is deeply intertwined with Mexico’s identity, mythology, and daily life. Mexico is home to 59 native varieties of corn, many of which are cultivated in regions like Oaxaca, a hub for traditional farming practices and biodiversity. This reverence extends to native corn varieties, which are seen as a treasure to be preserved for future generations.

While Mexico imports significant quantities of GM yellow corn from the United States for livestock feed, the proposed constitutional amendment underscores the need to balance trade obligations with safeguarding Mexico’s agricultural heritage and ensuring the survival of its native corn varieties. The potential ban on GM corn planting would not prevent imports of GM varieties but aims to shield native crops from contamination and protect the cultural significance of corn. Critics of GM crops argue that their safety for human health and the environment remains unproven, while proponents highlight their utility in disease resistance and productivity.

The current impasse stems from a February 2023 presidential decree that banned the use of GM corn for tortillas and dough, advocating for alternatives in industrial production for human consumption and animal feed. Sheinbaum’s proposed measures seek to uphold this vision.
Source: Reuters